In Vitro Cytotoxicity Assessment of Abutilon pannosum Chloroform Fraction and Its Phytoconstituents Analysis

Plants continue to play a critical role in the discovery of effective compounds, especially anticancer drugs. Abutilon pannosum has been historically used as therapeutic plant medicinal system. In this study, an ethanolic crude extract was prepared from dried powder A. and subsequently fractionated produce chloroform, butanol, water fractions. The fractions were tested for their cytotoxic action against various cancer cells using MTT assay. Additionally, effect most promising fraction on cell cycle arrest apoptosis induction studied flow cytometry RT-PCR. Western blotting employed confirm expression apoptosis-related proteins. chemical constituents further analyzed by GC-MS. Among all extracts, chloroform (APCF) exhibited potent activity MCF-7 breast cells, with IC50 value 50 µg/mL. growth inhibition found be linked at G1 phase. Moreover, confirmed death mode FITC-annexin/PI assay, well upregulation proapoptotic genes, including Bax caspase-7, downregulation antiapoptotic Bcl-2 gene. abundant phytoconstituents revealed GC-MS analysis palmitic acid (50.46%), quinic (11.84%), alpha-d-glucopyranoside (11.15%), parthenolide (9.65%), phytol (6.65%). Our vitro assessment indicates that could potential source agents.